The German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) announced on August 27 that Berlin approved €12.8 billion in arms exports in 2024, setting a new record. Ukraine emerged as the largest recipient, making Germany the top European defense exporter for the year. The findings were presented at the Ministry of Defence headquarters in Berlin through the annual Rüstungsexportbericht (Defense Export Report).
Nearly €8.15 billion, or 64 percent of total exports, was directed to Ukraine, reinforcing Berlin’s role as Kyiv’s most critical supplier in its war against Russia. Actual deliveries in 2024 exceeded the approved value, reaching €13.37 billion, highlighting Germany’s ability to rapidly mobilize its defense industry for wartime needs.
Key deliveries included Leopard 2A6 main battle tanks, Marder and Puma infantry fighting vehicles, Boxer armored platforms, as well as support and engineering vehicles. For air defense, Berlin supplied IRIS-T systems, Patriot launchers, Skynex batteries, and Gepard SPAAGs, bolstering Ukraine’s protection against missiles and drones. On the artillery side, Germany provided PzH 2000 howitzers, 155mm shells, precision munitions, and reconnaissance drones, ensuring sustained firepower.
The report also notes that 86 percent of licenses went to NATO, EU, and close partners such as South Korea and Singapore, while applications from states like Pakistan, Thailand, and Malaysia were denied. In total, 62 requests were rejected in 2024, reflecting Berlin’s selective approach to arms transfers.
This surge is part of Germany’s broader “Zeitenwende” strategy, announced by Chancellor Olaf Scholz in 2022, committing Berlin to strengthen both the Bundeswehr and Europe’s security. Major defense firms such as Rheinmetall and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann have expanded production and hiring to meet the increased demand.
Domestically, the record exports have sparked debate. Critics warn of eroding Germany’s traditional restraint in arms exports, while supporters argue that the extraordinary circumstances of Russia’s war justify unprecedented support to Ukraine.
Overall, the 2024 figures confirm Germany’s transformation into not only Europe’s largest economy but also one of NATO’s most vital arms suppliers, reshaping its global role in defense and security.
