The S-300PMU-2 Favorit (NATO designation: SA-20B Gargoyle B) is an advanced evolution of Russia’s S-300 air defense family, first revealed in 1996 and entering service around 1997. Engineered to counter a broad spectrum of aerial threats—including combat aircraft, cruise missiles, and both tactical and medium-range ballistic missiles—it represents a significant leap in range, precision, and versatility compared to its predecessors.
Technical Characteristics
Missile Upgrade – 48N6E2
At the heart of the Favorit is the 48N6E2 missile, a modernized interceptor capable of engaging targets up to 195–200 kilometers away. Beyond conventional air threats, this missile can neutralize medium-range ballistic missiles, giving the system a dual-purpose role in both air and missile defense.
Command and Control
The system integrates into the 83M6E2 command network, comprising the 54K6E2 command post vehicle and the 64N6E2 “Big Bird” long-range surveillance radar. This combination provides rapid target acquisition, data processing, and engagement coordination.
Target Engagement Radar
Fire control is managed by the 30N6E2 “Tomb Stone” radar, which directs missiles with high precision, ensuring effective intercepts even against fast and maneuvering targets.
Launcher Configuration and Mobility
A single Favorit battery can manage up to 12 Transporter Erector Launchers (TELs), either self-propelled (5P85SE2) or towed (5P85TE2), allowing flexible deployment and rapid relocation.
Additional Radar Options
To expand situational awareness, the system can be supplemented with the 96L6E “Cheese Board” all-altitude radar and the 76N6 low-altitude detection radar, improving coverage against low-flying or stealthy targets.
Performance Profile
- Engagement Range: 3–200 km (some sources cite detection out to 300 km)
- Ballistic Missile Intercept Altitude: Up to 40 km
- Warhead: 180 kg
- Missile Dimensions: Approx. 7.5 m length, 1,800 kg mass
- Target Parameters: Can engage aerial threats at speeds up to 10,000 km/h, from altitudes as low as 10 m up to around 27 km
Operational and Strategic Significance
The S-300PMU-2 has been exported to several countries, with Iran notably receiving a full regimental set in 2016. Its combination of long-range coverage, ballistic missile defense, and mobility makes it a cornerstone of Russia’s A2/AD (anti-access/area-denial) strategy. Within contested airspace, it presents a formidable challenge—only advanced stealth aircraft like the F-22 Raptor, F-35 Lightning II, or B-2 Spirit are considered likely to operate effectively against it.
System Snapshot
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Variant Name | S-300PMU-2 Favorit (SA-20B Gargoyle B) |
| Service Entry | 1996–1997 |
| Missile | 48N6E2 |
| Engagement Range | ~195–200 km |
| Command System | 83M6E2 with 54K6E2 & 64N6E2 radars |
| Engagement Radar | 30N6E2 (Tomb Stone) |
| TEL Capacity | Up to 12 (self-propelled or towed) |
| Optional Radars | 96L6E, 76N6 |
| Target Envelope | 10 m–27 km altitude, up to 10,000 km/h |
| Export Customers | Russia, China, Iran, others |
| Strategic Role | Long-range air and missile defense, A2/AD operations |
